Understanding the Hepatitis E Virus IgG and IgM Antibodies blood test

The Hepatitis E Virus IgG and IgM Antibodies test is a blood test that measures two types of antibodies produced in response to Hepatitis E Virus infection. IgM antibodies indicate a recent or current infection, while IgG antibodies suggest past exposure or resolved infection.

Hepatitis E Virus is a cause of acute viral hepatitis and is increasingly recognised in the UK, particularly in relation to food-borne exposure, travel, or zoonotic transmission. Most infections are self-limiting, but the virus can cause significant illness in certain groups.

By testing both IgG and IgM antibodies together, this profile provides a clearer picture of infection timing, helping clinicians distinguish between active infection, recent recovery, or previous exposure.

When testing for Hepatitis E Virus IgG and IgM Antibodies is clinically appropriate

This test is recommended when there is suspicion of acute viral hepatitis, particularly when other hepatitis viruses have been excluded. It is also useful in cases of unexplained liver enzyme elevation or compatible symptoms.

Although many individuals recover fully, Hepatitis E Virus can cause more severe illness in people with underlying liver disease, weakened immune systems, or during pregnancy. Blood testing plays a key role in early identification and appropriate follow-up.

Testing may be appropriate if you experience:

• Unexplained fatigue or malaise
• Jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes)
• Dark urine or pale stools
• Nausea, vomiting, or abdominal discomfort
• Raised liver enzymes with no clear cause
• Recent travel or consumption of undercooked meat
• Weakened immune system or chronic liver disease
• Possible exposure through contaminated food or water

Key benefits of the Hepatitis E Virus IgG and IgM Antibodies test

• Identifies current or recent infection
  IgM antibodies indicate active or recent Hepatitis E Virus infection.
• Confirms past exposure
  IgG antibodies show previous infection and immune response.
• Clarifies the stage of infection
  Combined testing improves diagnostic accuracy.
• Supports investigation of abnormal liver tests
  Useful when liver enzymes are elevated without explanation.
• Aids exclusion of other viral hepatitis causes
  Helps narrow down the source of hepatitis symptoms.
• Important for higher-risk individuals
  Particularly relevant for pregnant patients or immunocompromised individuals.
• Simple blood test with no preparation required
  No fasting or lifestyle changes needed.
• Provides reassurance and diagnostic clarity
  Reduces uncertainty and supports appropriate clinical decisions.

How the test is carried out

We offer two convenient testing options across the UK:

Clinic-based blood testing

• Choose your nearest UK clinic
• A healthcare professional collects a blood sample
• The sample is analysed in a certified laboratory
• Results are issued once testing is complete

Home or hotel blood collection (+£60)

• A qualified phlebotomist visits your home, workplace, or hotel
• Blood is collected at a time convenient for you
• No need to travel to a clinic
• Available nationwide across the UK

Both options use the same laboratory standards and analytical methods.

Understanding your Hepatitis E Virus IgG and IgM Antibodies results

Low antibody levels (Negative result)

Low or undetectable IgG and IgM antibody levels indicate no evidence of current or past Hepatitis E Virus infection.

Typical UK reference ranges:

• IgM: Non-reactive
• IgG: Non-reactive

If symptoms persist, repeat testing may be advised.

Mixed or borderline antibody levels

Borderline or mixed results may indicate early infection, resolving infection, or non-specific immune response.

Typical UK reference ranges:

• Borderline: Equivocal / Indeterminate

Follow-up testing or clinical correlation is usually recommended.

Elevated antibody levels (Positive result)

• Positive IgM antibodies indicate recent or active infection
• Positive IgG antibodies indicate past exposure or recovery

Typical UK reference ranges:

• IgM: Reactive
• IgG: Reactive

Clinical follow-up may be advised depending on symptoms and liver function.