Kidney/ Urinary Tract
A Kidney / Urinary Tract Ultrasound is a non-invasive imaging scan used to assess the kidneys, bladder and urinary system for structural or functional abnormalities.
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Details about Kidney/ Urinary Tract
What is a Kidney / Urinary Tract Ultrasound?
A Kidney / Urinary Tract Ultrasound is a diagnostic imaging examination that uses sound waves to visualise the kidneys, ureters (where visible), and urinary bladder. It provides real-time information about organ size, structure, and urine flow.
This scan is commonly used to investigate urinary symptoms, kidney disease, infections, stones, or obstruction, and to monitor known renal conditions. Ultrasound does not use radiation and is safe for repeated use.
The scan can assess both kidneys individually, compare symmetry, and evaluate bladder filling and emptying when required.
When a Kidney / Urinary Tract Ultrasound is recommended
This scan is recommended when symptoms or test results suggest a renal or urinary system issue.
You may be advised to have this scan if you:
- Have flank or lower back pain
- Experience pain or burning when passing urine
- Have blood in the urine
- Have recurrent urinary tract infections
- Have difficulty emptying your bladder
- Have abnormal kidney blood test results
- Are being investigated for kidney stones
- Require monitoring of known kidney disease
What the Kidney / Urinary Tract Ultrasound assesses
The scan may include assessment of:
- Kidney size, shape and position
- Kidney stones or cysts
- Hydronephrosis (urine back-up or obstruction)
- Bladder wall and capacity
- Residual urine after voiding (if required)
- Structural abnormalities of the urinary tract
Benefits of a Kidney / Urinary Tract Ultrasound
- Non-invasive and painless
No needles or radiation exposure. - Detects kidney stones and obstruction
Supports early diagnosis and management. - Assesses kidney structure and size
Useful in chronic kidney disease monitoring. - Evaluates bladder function
Can assess incomplete bladder emptying. - Safe and repeatable
Suitable for follow-up imaging. - Provides real-time imaging
Immediate structural assessment. - Suitable for all ages
Including children and elderly patients. - Widely used in renal and urological care
Standard first-line investigation.
How the Kidney / Urinary Tract Ultrasound is performed
The scan is performed by a trained sonographer using ultrasound equipment.
- You will lie comfortably on an examination couch
- Ultrasound gel is applied to the abdomen and flanks
- A handheld probe is moved over the skin
- Images are captured and reviewed in real time
You may be asked to attend with a full bladder, depending on the indication. The scan usually takes 20–30 minutes and requires no recovery time.
Understanding your Kidney / Urinary Tract Ultrasound results
Normal findings
Kidneys and bladder appear normal in size and structure.
Typical report:
- Normal renal and urinary tract ultrasound
Structural abnormalities
The scan may identify stones, cysts, enlargement or obstruction.
Typical report:
- Renal calculi / cysts / hydronephrosis identified
Functional concerns
Changes in urine drainage or bladder emptying may be noted.
Typical report:
- Reduced drainage or post-void residual urine noted
Results are interpreted alongside symptoms and blood or urine tests.
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Follow these guidelines for accurate results
Sample Timing
Where possible, attend your blood test between 7am and 12pm. Please wait until any short-term illness or infection has fully resolved before testing. Avoid intense exercise for 24–48 hours beforehand, as this can affect certain markers.
Fasting & Hydration
Fasting is not always required, but some tests may recommend it. If fasting is advised, avoid food for 8–12 hours before your appointment and drink water only. Stay well hydrated, as this helps with sample collection and accuracy.
Medications & Supplements
Continue prescribed medications unless advised otherwise by your clinician. Avoid vitamin, mineral, or biotin supplements for at least 24–48 hours before your test, as these can interfere with results. If you are unsure about any medication or supplement, please let us know before your appointment.
Hormones & Menstrual Cycle
For hormone-related tests, timing within your menstrual cycle may be important. If relevant, follow any specific guidance provided on your test page.
If you have any questions or special circumstances, our team is happy to advise before your appointment.