What is a Skin Biopsy (1 specimen)?

A Skin Biopsy is a minor surgical procedure used to remove a small sample of skin for laboratory (histological) examination. The 1-specimen option is suitable when a single lesion or area requires investigation.

Depending on the clinical indication, the biopsy may be performed using a punch, shave, incisional, or excisional technique. The tissue sample is sent to the laboratory for detailed analysis to confirm diagnosis and guide further management.

Why might I need a skin biopsy?

A skin biopsy is often required when the cause or nature of a skin lesion is unclear on visual examination alone. It provides definitive information that cannot be obtained through imaging or blood tests.

You may need a skin biopsy if you have:

• A changing or suspicious skin lesion
• A non-healing sore or ulcer
• A pigmented or irregular mole
• A persistent rash or inflammatory skin condition
• A lesion suspected to be benign or malignant
• A skin change that requires diagnostic confirmation

Biopsy techniques used

The technique chosen depends on lesion type, size, and location:

Punch biopsy

Removes a small, full-thickness core of skin for detailed examination.

Shave biopsy

Removes a superficial portion of a raised or surface lesion.

Incisional biopsy

Samples part of a larger lesion when full removal is not appropriate.

Excisional biopsy

Removes the entire lesion with margins, often used when malignancy is suspected.

Benefits of a single skin biopsy

1. Accurate diagnosis
   Provides definitive histological confirmation.
2. Local anaesthetic only
   Comfortable outpatient procedure.
3. Quick and efficient
   Usually completed within one short appointment.
4. Supports early cancer detection
   Essential for diagnosing skin cancers.
5. Minimal downtime
   Most patients return to normal activity quickly.
6. Clear reporting
   One specimen analysed in detail.
7. Guides further treatment
   Results inform next clinical steps.
8. Clinic-based procedure
   No hospital admission required.

Step-by-step – How the procedure works

1. Clinical assessment and consent
2. Local anaesthetic administered
3. Skin biopsy performed
4. Wound closed or dressed appropriately
5. Aftercare instructions provided
6. Specimen sent for histology
7. Follow-up arranged for results

All skin biopsies are performed in clinic. Home visits are not available for biopsy procedures.

Recovery & results

After the biopsy

• Mild discomfort or tenderness for 24–48 hours
• Small dressing applied
• Stitches used if required, depending on technique
• Normal activities usually resumed quickly

Histology results

• Confirms diagnosis
• Identifies benign, inflammatory, or malignant changes
• Results typically available within 1–2 weeks