Electrocardiogram (ECG)
An Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a simple, non-invasive test that records the electrical activity of the heart, helping identify rhythm and conduction abnormalities.
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Details about Electrocardiogram (ECG)
What is an Electrocardiogram (ECG)?
An Electrocardiogram, commonly known as an ECG, is a diagnostic test that measures the electrical signals produced by the heart as it beats. These signals are recorded through small sensors placed on the skin and displayed as a waveform.
The ECG provides valuable information about heart rate, rhythm, conduction pathways, and signs of heart strain or damage. It is widely used as a first-line cardiac investigation and does not involve radiation or discomfort.
ECGs are commonly performed in both routine screening and urgent cardiac assessment.
When an Electrocardiogram (ECG) is recommended
An ECG may be recommended if there are symptoms or findings suggesting heart rhythm or electrical abnormalities.
You may be advised to have an ECG if you:
- Experience palpitations or irregular heartbeat
- Have chest pain or tightness
- Feel dizzy, faint, or light-headed
- Have shortness of breath
- Have high blood pressure or diabetes
- Have a history of heart disease
- Have abnormal blood test or imaging results
- Require pre-procedure or routine cardiac assessment
What the Electrocardiogram assesses
The ECG provides information on:
- Heart rate and rhythm
- Electrical conduction pathways
- Arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats)
- Signs of heart enlargement or strain
- Evidence of previous or ongoing heart injury
- Effects of electrolyte imbalance or medication
Benefits of an Electrocardiogram (ECG)
- Quick and non-invasive
Completed within minutes. - No radiation exposure
Completely safe diagnostic test. - Detects rhythm abnormalities
Identifies arrhythmias accurately. - Supports early diagnosis of heart conditions
Guides further investigations. - Useful in urgent and routine assessment
Widely used in clinical practice. - Safe and repeatable
Can be performed as often as needed. - Provides immediate results
Heart activity is recorded in real time. - Essential cardiac screening tool
Standard part of cardiovascular evaluation.
How the Electrocardiogram is performed
The ECG is carried out by a trained healthcare professional.
- You will lie comfortably on an examination couch
- Small adhesive electrodes are placed on the chest, arms and legs
- The electrodes record electrical signals from the heart
- The recording takes only a few minutes
The test is painless and requires no recovery time.
Understanding your ECG results
Normal ECG
Heart rhythm and electrical activity are within expected ranges.
Typical report:
- Normal sinus rhythm
Abnormal rhythm
Irregular or fast/slow heart rhythms may be identified.
Typical report:
- Arrhythmia detected
Electrical or structural indicators
Changes may suggest heart strain, conduction issues or previous injury.
Typical report:
- ECG abnormalities noted – further assessment advised
ECG results are interpreted alongside symptoms, medical history and other test findings.
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Follow these guidelines for accurate results
Sample Timing
Where possible, attend your blood test between 7am and 12pm. Please wait until any short-term illness or infection has fully resolved before testing. Avoid intense exercise for 24–48 hours beforehand, as this can affect certain markers.
Fasting & Hydration
Fasting is not always required, but some tests may recommend it. If fasting is advised, avoid food for 8–12 hours before your appointment and drink water only. Stay well hydrated, as this helps with sample collection and accuracy.
Medications & Supplements
Continue prescribed medications unless advised otherwise by your clinician. Avoid vitamin, mineral, or biotin supplements for at least 24–48 hours before your test, as these can interfere with results. If you are unsure about any medication or supplement, please let us know before your appointment.
Hormones & Menstrual Cycle
For hormone-related tests, timing within your menstrual cycle may be important. If relevant, follow any specific guidance provided on your test page.
If you have any questions or special circumstances, our team is happy to advise before your appointment.